Shaping Future Scientists: The Role of IZHO in Influencing STEM Interests and Skill Development Among High School Students

Abstract

This study examines the impact of participation in the International Zhautykov Olympiad (IZhO) on high school students' perceptions of 21st-century skill development and STEM career aspirations. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research investigates gender differences, variations across STEM specializations, age-related trends, school-type influences, and the effect of repeated participation. The findings revealed significant gender differences, with female students reporting greater improvements in Presentation, Scientific Thinking, and Collaboration skills compared to males. No significant differences were observed across STEM specializations, suggesting that IZhO contributes similarly to skill development across Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics students. Age analysis indicated that younger students (13–14 years old) perceived greater skill enhancement than older groups, particularly in General Skills, Presentation, and Problem Solving. Vocational school students reported the highest perceived benefits in Technology skills compared to public and private school counterparts. Additionally, a moderate frequency of Olympiad participation (10–20 times) was associated with the greatest improvement in Critical Thinking skills. These findings highlight the potential of Olympiad participation to foster essential skills and inspire STEM career aspirations. They also suggest the need for tailored interventions to address age- and gender-specific needs, maximize benefits for all school types, and explore strategies to sustain students' engagement over repeated participation. The study underscores the value of STEM competitions in preparing students for future academic and career success.